By Katrina Devine, Contributing Columnist and Susan Callahan, Health Editor
A celebrity trend? A religious path? A weight-loss exercise? A life changing practice? Yoga is all of the above. Celebrities like Madonna, Gwyneth Paltrow and Sting swear by yoga’s benefits and we have followed them in the millions.
Americans are discovering yoga. Data collected by the Harris Interactive Service Bureau on behalf of The U.S’s premier yoga magazine the Yoga Journal, in 2008, found that Americans spent $5.7 billion per year on yoga and yoga accessories. The Yoga Journal survey estimates that 6.9% of Americans practice yoga, which means approximately 15.8 million people practice yoga everyday. A further 8% of people express an interest in learning about yoga. What are the specific health benefits of yoga? How exactly does yoga improve your body and mind? Are different forms of yoga better than others in improving your health?
Yoga Comes in Many Flavors
Yoga is a set of poses that are practiced in sequences. There are also different types of yoga. Traditionally the different types would be developed by various religious leaders. This is still true in some cases but there are also some that are developed with no religious concern in mind. Some of the most popular types of yoga include; Hatha, Bikram(Hot Yoga), Kundalini and Ashtanga. Other types of yoga include Iyengar, Anusara, Forrest, Integral and many more. Some place their importance on different things such as physical strength or simply breathing.
Yoga is not just an effective way for celebrities like Gwyneth Paltrow to stay trim. Yoga is a serious ally in your fight against many lifestyle diseases such as high blood pressure (hypertension), diabetes, heart disease and anxiety disorders.
Yoga does not have to be complicated. Think of it as your body's way to stretch and strengthen itself. In fact, babies and toddlers seem to practice yoga naturally --stretching their legs and touching their toes to their noses and mouths. As children, we naturally assumed many yoga poses throughout the day, bending backwards and seeing how long we could "hold" a pose. It was fun to stretch and test ourselves. Yoga is a way to re-experience the fun of your body as an adult.
Here are 10 benefits of Yoga, based on medical research:
1. Yoga Lowers Blood Pressure. Hypertension is a silent killer but it can be helped by yoga. A study conducted by the Prevention Research Center / School of Public Health, Yale University in 2007 looked at how yoga can benefit hypertension (high blood pressure).
The researchers found that yoga reduced systolic blood pressure (your top number) by 19.07 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure (your bottom number) by 13.13 mm Hg.
2. Yoga Helps You Control Blood Sugar: Yoga controls blood sugar. A study conducted by the School of Nursing and the School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, in 2009, found that yoga actually can help blood insulin levels. The average age of the 23 participants was 51 and used Vinyasa style yoga for 3 months. They found that those who were at risk from type 2 diabetes could reduce their risk factors and symptoms.
3. Yoga Fights Osteoporosis. A pilot study completed at the Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, in 2009 found that yoga could help osteoporosis. The subjects were taught a series of 13 poses that they practiced these consistently for 2 years. The study concluded that those who practiced the poses for 10 minutes per day found an improvement; therefore, yoga could help those suffering with osteoporosis.
4. Yoga Reduces Stress: Certain kinds of yoga reduce stress. A study conducted by the Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, in 2010 found that hatha yoga could reduce stress.
The research team studied a total of 50 healthy women between the ages of 30 to 65. The level of yoga experience was evenly divided between experts and novices -- 25 experts and 25 novices.
The researchers found that the novices had 41% more of the chemicals associated with stress. Therefore, they concluded, those who had practiced hatha yoga over a longer time were better able to deal with stressors.
5. Yoga Lowers Your Heart Rate. A study conducted by the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Würzburg, Germany, in 1994 found a significant lowering of heart rate in those practicing Hatha yoga. Those with a good aerobic fitness tend to have a lower heart rate. The lower the heart rate the less stress there is on your heart.
6. Yoga Speeds Up Your Metabolism. An important part of maintaining a healthy weight or controlling your weight is your metabolism. A study conducted by the Institute of Medicine, Research Center Jülich, Germany, in 1990 found that yoga meditation could change metabolism.
7. Yoga Helps You Lose Weight. In addition to your metabolism, yoga can help with weight loss in other ways. A study conducted by the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, in 2007 set out to see if yoga could reduce weight in breast cancer patients. The women practiced yoga for a period of 6 months. They found that the women lost around 5 pounds. Therefore, they concluded that yoga can help you lose weight and at the very least it can help you maintain your weight.
8. Yoga Improves Your Posture. Good posture is important for many reasons but in particular bad posture can cause severe back pain. A study conducted by the National Institute for Health and Medical Research, Faculté de Médecine, Vandoeuvre- lès-Nancy, France found that 26 women who used yoga as part of their physical activity had improved posture.
9. Yoga Helps Your Respiratory System. Yoga helps you breathe better. A study conducted by the Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, Delhi, India, in 2004, found that practicing yoga postures can help your respiratory system. The researchers studied 30 men between the ages of 25 and 35. After 3 months they found a significant improvement in respiratory health.
10. Yoga Relieves Pain. Yoga helps to relieve pain. A study conducted by the Group Health Cooperative and University of Washington, Seattle, led by KJ Sherman in 2005 found that yoga can help lower back pain. The study included 101 patients with chronic lower back pain who practiced yoga over a 12 week period.
At the end of 3 months, those who practiced the yoga as opposed to those who used a self-care book had a significant improvement in symptoms. Moreover, the improvement lasted for an additional 12 weeks after practicing yoga. Another study conducted by the Department of Community Medicine, West Virginia University, in 2009, found that Iyengar yoga in particular helped to reduce lower back pain.